Parents were asked to report on the frequency of their child��s consumption of selected food items selleck chemicals llc in a typical week during the preceding 4weeks, outside the school canteen or childcare meal provision settings, using the following response options: ��never/less than once a week��, ��1-3 times a week��, ��4-6 times a week��, ��1 time per day��, ��2 times per day��, ��3 times per day��, ��4 or more times per day�� or ��I have no idea��. Frequencies of intake were assessed without quantifying portion sizes. Dutch eating behavior questionnaire (DEBQ) (child-reported) In the DEBQ, a 33-item questionnaire (reliability: r=0.87-0.90), three types of eating behavior can be identified in children: eating in response to negative emotions (emotional eating), eating in response to the sight or smell of food (external eating) and eating less than desired to lose or maintain body weight (restraint eating).

In all three types of eating behavior, the appropriate self-regulating mechanism of food intake is diminished or lost. Children could answer the questions with ��never��, ��almost never��, ��sometimes��, ��often�� or ��very often�� as response alternatives [56]. Statistical methods Population characteristics and participation and drop-out rates were statistically analyzed using PASW Statistics Program version 19.0.0 (SPSS Inc, IBM, IL, USA). Participation information was examined for the baseline (2010) and first follow-up (2011) survey period, for each examination module separately.

Consent-percentage and drop-out proportion were calculated as the percentage of children with informed consent on the total number of eligible children and the percentage of children with informed consent who finally did not participate to the test, respectively. Information on family structure was dichotomized: a traditional family structure included children living with both biological parents; all other family types were categorized as non-traditional. Parental education was evaluated according to the ISCED classification (level 0 ��pre-primary education��, 1 ��primary education��, 2 ��lower secondary education��, 3 ��upper secondary education��, 4 ��post-secondary non-tertiary education��, 5 ��first stage of tertiary education��, 6 ��second stage of tertiary education��) [57]. Sample size calculations, performed with the SAS System, indicated that a population of 500 children would allow to calculate correlation coefficients with 95% confidence within a 0.

10 confidence interval of the true correlation coefficient of the population. This sample size additionally Batimastat allows to observe a 10% increase in fat content with 95% confidence and 80% power. Also, this sample size allows to perform multiple regression analysis with BMI as dependent and stress as independent variable, adjusted for 6 covariates (i.e.