As a result, algal photosynthesis H 89 solubility dmso and oxygen evolution were inhibited. (C) 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.”
“Optical properties of non-polar Al-rich AlGaN/AlN quantum well (QW) structures were investigated using the multiband effective-mass theory and non-Markovian optical model with the many-body effect. These results are compared with those of the c-plane, i.e., the (0001)-oriented QW structures. The theoretical PL transition wavelength is found to agree well with the experimental result. The optical gain for the x’-polarization is much larger than that for the y’-polarization because the optical matrix element for the x’-polarization is

larger than for the y’-polarization. The x’-direction in the non-poalr plane corresponds to c-axis direction. Also, the optical gain for the x’-polarization is shown to decrease with increasing Al composition. This is mainly attribute to the fact that the optical matrix element is decreased due to the reduction in the electron-hole overlap for QW structures with higher Al contents. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3638693]“
“Expansins are proteins that are generally accepted selleck chemicals llc to be key regulators of cell wall extension and plant growth. We examined the expression

pattern of TaEXPB23, a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) expansin gene, under exogenous phytohormone and abiotic stress treatments. In addition, we evaluated its function in the tolerance to salt stress and high temperature (HT)

by overexpressing it in transgenic tobacco plants. In subcellular localization assays, TaEXPB23 localized to the cell wall. Expression analysis demonstrated that the transcription pattern of TaEXPB23 corresponded to wheat coleoptile growth. Real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed that TaEXPB23 transcript expression was upregulated by exogenous methyl jasmonate (MejA) and salt stress, but downregulated by exogenous gibberellins (GA(3)), ethylene (ET), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and alpha-naphthlcetic acid (NAA). Overexpression of TaEXPB23 in tobacco (tabacum) BIIB057 mouse conferred tolerance to salt stress by enhancing water retention ability (WRA) and decreasing osmotic potential (OP). However, transgenic plants overexpressing TaEXPB23 did not show any improvement in the tolerance to HT stress. These results suggested that TaEXPB23 is regulated by phytohormones and is involved in the regulation of salt stress tolerance. (C) 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.”
“Ta is deposited on a glass substrate as an interlayer for the two-dimensional growth of Ag thin films because Ta has good thermal stability and can induce a negative surface-energy change in Ag/glass. From the transmission electron microscopy results, we concluded that the Ag crystals in the bottom layer (seemingly on Ag/Ta) were flattened; this was rarely observed in the three-dimensional growth mode.