So the reduction ability can be determined by measuring the colored complex at 700nm [24]. The FRAP values of methanol and aqueous extracts were ref 3 found to be 498 (��M Fe(II)/g) and 461 (��M Fe(II)/g) from the standard curve obtained from the FeSO47H2O.Figure 4Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (-EDTA) of P. aculeata L. and gallic acid (results are represented as mean �� SE of triplicate experiment).Figure 5Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of leaves extracts of P. aculeata L. and gallic acid (results are represented mean �� SE of triplicate experiment). The results obtained from phosphomolybdic acid assay show that methanol extract has strong ability to reduce Mo(VI) to Mo(V) by donating electron. This evaluated that both methanol and aqueous extracts show reduction ability of 20.

75mgAAE/100mg and 8mgAAE/100mg dry weight of extract. These values were calculated from the regression equation obtained for ascorbic acid as a standard curve. The antioxidant activity of methanol and aqueous extracts was also determined by using ferric thiocyanate (FTC) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA). The FTC method was used to measure peroxide amount at the starting phase of peroxidation, whereas TBA method was used to measure the concentration of free radicals present at the end of peroxide oxidation [25] on the sixth day of experiment. Methanol and aqueous extracts show FTC values of 69.85% and 62.12%, whereas, in TBA method, methanol and aqueous extracts show 52.78% and 51.56% inhibition at the highest concentration (1000��g/mL) (Figure 6). Standard, that is, gallic acid, shows the FTC and TBA values of 95.

54% and 98.46% at the same concentration on the sixth day. It was found from the UPLC analysis of extracts that various types of polyphenols are present in the crude extracts, and those are maybe responsible for the antioxidant properties of this plant. On the basis of chromatogram of methanol extract, it was found that leaves contain various types of polyphenols like gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, tert-Butylhydroquinone, and so forth. (Figure 7), and chromatogram of aqueous extract (Figure 8) also showed the presence of various polyphenols like gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ellagic acid, tert-Butylhydroquinone, and so forth. Gupta et al. [26] also observed pharmacognostic characters which include morphology, T.

S, powder microscopy, physicochemical characteristics, and phytochemical screening from alcoholic and aqueous extracts of the bark of Parkinsonia aculeata L.Figure GSK-3 6Antioxidant properties of leaves extracts of P. aculeate L. and gallic acid, determined by FTC and TBA methods. FTC: ferric thiocyanate; TBA: thiobarbituric acid.Figure 7UPLC analysis of methanol extract of leaves of P. aculeata L.Figure 8Chromatogram showing the presence of various types of polyphenols in the aqueous extract of P. aculeata L.