“
“Objective. To determine prevalence and risk factors of pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain (PRLPP) in women in Kuwait. Design. The study APR-246 was designed as a multisite, cross-sectional design in which self-administered surveys were distributed. Setting and Participants. Public locations and health care facilities in Kuwait. Pregnant women (400) were invited to participate. Outcome Measures.

Demographics, history of PRLPP, risk factors for PRLPP, location of pain, absenteeism due to LPP, management of previous LPP, and functional disability due to PRLPP. Results. Two hundred eighty questionnaires were returned. Mean age was 29.5 years; mean body mass index (BMI) was 29.69 kg/m2. Of the participants, 91% reported LPP, 78.8% reported history of menstrual pain, and 58.7% reported previous LPP, and 59% reported PRLPP during previous pregnancies, 42.8% reported activities of daily living were limited. Risk factors included a history of back pain (P = 0.00), PRLPP in a previous pregnancy (P = 0.01), and being in the third trimester of pregnancy (P = 0.02). BMI was not

associated with PRLPP. Conclusions. Clinicians in Kuwait need to screen for risk factors and detect PRLPP early and intervene as needed. Although overweight and obesity may not contribute largely to PRLPP in women in Kuwait, weight control is a major concern for healthy pregnancy. Physical therapy has a role Bafilomycin A1 manufacturer in preventing and addressing this condition.”
“SETTING: Etomoxir inhibitor Treatment outcomes for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in South Africa

have suffered as centralized, in-patient treatment programs struggle to cope with rising prevalence and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection rates. A new treatment model is needed to expand treatment capacity and improve MDR-TB and HIV outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the design and preliminary results of an integrated, home-based MDR-TB-HIV treatment program created in rural KwaZulu-Natal.

METHOD: In 2008, a decentralized center was established to provide out-patient MDR-TB and HIV treatment. Nurses, community health workers and family supporters have been trained to administer injections, provide adherence support and monitor adverse reactions in patients’ homes. Physicians assess clinical response, adherence and the severity of adverse reactions to MDR-TB and HIV treatment at monthly follow-up visits. Treatment outcomes are assessed by monthly cultures and CD4 and viral load every 6 months.

RESULTS: Of 80 patients initiating MDR-TB treatment from February 2008 to April 2010, 66 were HIV-co-infected. Retention has been high (only 5% defaults, 93% of visits attended), and preliminary outcomes have been favorable (77% cured/still on treatment, 82% undetectable viral load). Few patients have required escalation of care (9%), had severe adverse events (8%) or died (6%).