Haloperidol (0.1 mg/kg) alone or with mepyramine had no significant effects on weight gain, while with SB 243213 and with both SB 243213 and mepyramine, it showed olanzapine-like

increases in weight.

These results suggest that 5-HT2C receptor antagonism or inverse agonism, in the presence of D2 receptor antagonism, may contribute to olanzapine-induced AZD6094 in vitro weight gain.”
“Many cellular constituents in the human brain permanently exit from the cell cycle during pre- or early postnatal development, but little is known about epigenetic regulation of neuronal and glial epigenomes during maturation and aging, including changes in mood and psychosis spectrum disorders and other cognitive or emotional disease. Here, we summarize the current knowledge base as it pertains to genome organization in the

human brain, including the regulation of DNA cytosine methylation and hydroxymethylation, and a subset of (altogether 4100) residue-specific histone modifications associated with gene expression, and silencing and various other functional chromatin states. We propose that high-resolution mapping of epigenetic markings in postmortem brain tissue or neural cultures derived from induced pluripotent cells Selleckchem CBL0137 (iPS), in conjunction with transcriptome profiling and whole-genome sequencing, will increasingly be used to define the molecular pathology of specific cases diagnosed with depression, schizophrenia, autism, or other major psychiatric disease. We predict that these highly integrative explorations of genome organization and function will provide an important alternative to conventional approaches in human brain studies, which mainly are aimed at uncovering selleck inhibitor group effects by diagnosis but generally face limitations because of cohort size. Neuropsychopharmacology Reviews (2013) 38, 183-197; doi: 10.1038/npp.2012.78; published online 30 May 2012″
“Antagonists

of histamine H(1) receptors (antihistamines) are widely used for the treatment of allergic disorders in children. These drugs’ sedative effect on brain function, however, has been mostly examined in adults.

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of anitihistamines on prefrontal cortex activity in young children using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), a novel brain-imaging method.

In 15 healthy children (mean age, 7.7 years), we examined changes of oxygenated hemoglobin concentration in the prefrontal cortex while they performed a verbal fluency task 3 h after taking a sedating antihistamine (ketotifen), nonsedating antihistamine (epinastine), or placebo.

Ketotifen significantly impaired behavioral performance and cortical activation at the lateral prefrontal cortex compared with placebo. There were no sedative effects on neural response or behavioral performance after epinastine administration.