Cattle breeding programs prioritize breed and trait characteristics of economic value to maximize genetic advancement. The superior genetic and phenotypic correlations of AFC with production and lifetime traits, in contrast to those of FSP, indicated a greater scope for using AFC to indirectly select lifetime traits at younger ages. The observed improvement in first lactation production and lifetime traits of the present Tharparkar cattle herd highlights the significant genetic diversity present, a result of the AFC selection.

Understanding the genetic makeup of the Rongchang pig population is paramount for crafting a comprehensive production plan encompassing environmental and genetic factors, and establishing a closed herd with strict pathogen control and stable genetic diversity.
The Zhongxin-1 Porcine Breeding Array PLUS was utilized to genotype 54 specific pathogen-free (SPF) Rongchang pigs, after which their genetic diversity parameters were calculated and their family structures were determined. In parallel with other analyses, the runs of homozygosity (ROH) were determined for each individual, and the calculation of the inbreeding coefficient for each was performed using the ROH data.
Genetic diversity analysis results showed a population effective size of 32 (Ne), a polymorphism percentage of 0.515 (PN), while the desired heterozygosity (He) was 0.315, and the observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.335. Ho, with his greater height, underscored the high degree of heterozygosity found in each of the chosen locations. Furthermore, the integration of genomic kinship assessments and cluster analyses revealed the Rongchang pig population to be comprised of four distinct familial groups. medical materials The final step involved determining the ROH for each individual, and deriving their inbreeding coefficient; the average was 0.009.
Factors such as population size and others restrict the genetic diversity present within the Rongchang pig population. The findings from this investigation provide foundational data for crafting the Rongchang pig breeding program, constructing a closed SPF Rongchang pig breeding facility, and using it for experimental purposes.
Factors including a restricted population size diminish the genetic diversity found within the Rongchang pig lineage. Fundamental data from this study can be used to support the development of a Rongchang pig breeding program, the creation of a closed SPF Rongchang pig herd, and its deployment in experimental research.

High-quality meat, containing specific nutrients and traits, is a result of sheep and goats' ability to efficiently process low-quality forage. Factors influencing the quality attributes and carcass traits of sheep and goat meat include, but are not limited to, feeding strategies. This review explores the profound effects of feeding strategies on growth rates, carcass traits, and the quality of sheep and goat meat, focusing on physical-chemical composition, taste profile, and the fatty acid profile. Compared to lambs and kids raised solely on pasture, those receiving concentrate or under stall-feeding systems exhibited higher average daily gains and carcass yields. Lambs/kids on improved pasture quality exhibited a more rapid growth rate, conversely. Concentrate-fed lambs' meat displayed a more intense flavor, a higher concentration of intramuscular fat, and an unhealthy fatty acid profile; however, it exhibited the same color, tenderness, juiciness, and protein levels as the meat from grass-only-fed lambs. Meat from concentrate-fed lambs, in comparison, presented a more intense coloration, greater tenderness and juiciness, higher levels of intramuscular fat and protein, but lower flavor intensity. Concentrate supplementation in young animals' diets resulted in meat with enhanced color values, improved tenderness, higher intramuscular fat, and a less favorable fatty acid profile, although juiciness and flavor protein levels did not vary. Kids nourished with concentrates, in contrast to pasture-raised counterparts, demonstrated superior color coordination, juiciness, and intramuscular fat content, yet exhibited lower tenderness and flavor intensity and a less favorable fatty acid profile. Therefore, sheep or goats fed in indoor environments, or supplemented with indoor feed, demonstrated increased growth rates and carcass quality, higher levels of intramuscular fat, and an unfavorable fatty acid composition when contrasted with animals sustained solely on pasture. click here Finally, the addition of a concentrate diet led to a greater intensity of flavor in lamb meat, along with an enhancement in color and tenderness of the meat; conversely, indoor-fed sheep and goats had an improvement in color and juiciness, but exhibited a decrease in flavor compared to their pasture-raised counterparts.

This study aimed to determine the effect of different marigold xanthophyll types on the parameters of growth performance, the coloration of the skin, and the pigmentation of the carcass.
Forty-eight broilers, in 3 replicates, were assigned to each of the 4 groups, to which 192 healthy 60-day-old yellow-feathered broilers, weighing an average of 1279.81 grams, were randomly allocated. MED-EL SYNCHRONY The experimental treatments were: (1) CON group, which received basal diet; (2) LTN group, which had lutein supplementation; (3) MDP group, with monohydroxyl pigments including dehydrated lutein, -cryptoxanthin, and -cryptoxanthin; (4) LTN + MDP group, receiving lutein and monohydroxyl pigments in a proportion of 11:1. The LTN, MDP, and LTN+MDP supplementary contents measured 2 grams per kilogram. Following 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of dietary regimen application, skin color was quantified. Slaughtered chickens' breast, thigh, and abdominal fat were stored in a 4°C cold storage unit for 24 hours, after which the lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) values of the meat's color were assessed.
Subwing skin yellow scores were notably improved by all treatments on days 14, 21, and 28, a statistically significant effect (p < 0.005). Simultaneously, the lutein and monohydroxyl pigment mixture exhibited a statistically significant increase in shank yellow scores over the same three-day period (p < 0.005). By day 28, the lutein-monohydroxyl pigment mixture produced a measurable increase in the yellow scores of beaks, while all treatments also enhanced the yellow coloration of shanks (p < 0.005). Furthermore, all treatments yielded improvements in the yellow (b*) values of both breast and thigh muscles; additionally, the monohydroxyl pigment and the combination of lutein and monohydroxyl pigment augmented the redness (a*) and yellow (b*) values of abdominal fat (p < 0.05).
Different xanthophyll extracts from marigolds, in conclusion, led to a marked increase in yellow skin tone scores and yellow (b*) values within the carcass. The effectiveness of lutein and monohydroxyl pigment blends was markedly superior in terms of skin color enhancement.
Marigold xanthophyll extracts, irrespective of type, notably increased both skin's yellow scores and the yellow (b*) value of carcass pigmentation. The effectiveness of the treatment for skin color was considerably boosted by the integration of lutein and monohydroxyl pigment.

Feed efficiency, ruminal fermentation, and microbial protein synthesis were studied in Thai native beef cattle fed concentrate diets containing cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus) meal pellets (CMP) in place of soybean meal (SBM).
Four male beef cattle were randomly assigned to different treatments according to a 4 x 4 Latin square design, involving four dietary levels of SBM replacement with CMP (0%, 33%, 67%, and 100%) in their concentrate feed.
Results of the study showed that replacing SBM with CMP did not influence dry matter (DM) consumption, however, the digestibility of crude protein, acid detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber was markedly improved (p<0.05); nevertheless, the digestibility of dry matter and organic matter was not altered. Feeding concentrate diets containing CMP up to 100% resulted in higher ruminal ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), blood urea nitrogen, total volatile fatty acids, and propionate concentrations (p<0.05), however, methane and protozoal populations decreased (p<0.05). The efficiency of microbial nitrogen protein synthesis experienced an upswing when soybean meal (SBM) was substituted by corn gluten meal (CMP).
Nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation efficiency were elevated in Thai native beef cattle fed a rice straw-based diet when feed concentrate mixtures incorporated up to 100% CMP in place of SBM. This change led to increased production of volatile fatty acids, particularly propionate, improved microbial protein synthesis, decreased protozoal counts, and a reduction in rumen methane generation.
In Thai native beef cattle on a rice straw-based diet, substituting SBM with CMP in the feed concentrate mixture, up to 100%, yielded improved nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation efficiency, creating elevated volatile fatty acid production, particularly propionate, increased microbial protein synthesis, decreased protozoal numbers, and reduced methane production within the rumen.

Roosters, as they age, often display a decline in fertility, evidenced by a decrease in semen quality. This contrasts with Thai native roosters, raised in rural environments, whose lifespan often exceeds the normal limit. This study thus sought to evaluate selenium's antioxidative impact on rooster semen cryopreservation effectiveness in older birds.
Starting the trial, semen samples were acquired from 20 young and 20 older Pradu Hang Dum Thai native roosters, with collection occurring at 36 weeks of age for the younger group and 105 weeks for the older group, respectively. Selenium, either in the absence of any addition or with an addition of 0.75 ppm, was part of the experimental diets. The quality of fresh semen and lipid peroxidation levels in fresh semen samples were assessed prior to cryopreservation employing the standard liquid nitrogen vapor technique.