10). Obviously, the attempt to capture this statistical peculiarity has created collateral distortions. The DSTP predicts a Simon effect on mean RT that is too small and errors that are too fast in the compatible condition. The SSP predicts errors that are too fast in all conditions. An inspection of the CAFs (see Appendix E) reveals a surprising failure Vemurafenib order of the DSTP to explain accuracy dynamics across conditions. CAF shapes are better predicted by the SSP. Alternative model versions are penalized by the same problems highlighted in the Eriksen task, and do not provide a better fit quality compared to original versions (indicated by higher G2 and BIC statistics). The alternative

DSTP overestimates the skew of RT distributions in the compatible condition and generates a reversed Simon effect on mean RT. ZD1839 supplier The alternative SSP underestimates the range of accuracy values in the compatible condition, and the model predicts an inversion of RT moments between compatibility conditions only for the higher chroma values. In conclusion, none of the models evaluated

are able to fit the Simon data. On the basis of conceptual (e.g., Hommel, 2011 and Kornblum et al., 1990) and statistical (Pratte et al., 2010 and Speckman et al., 2008) differences, it has long been argued that different conflict tasks are likely to involve different components of processing. By concurrently investigating Piéron and Wagenmakers–Brown laws in Eriksen (Experiment 1) and Simon (Experiment 2) tasks, both at experimental and computational levels, we adopted a novel strategy to gain insight into decision-making in a conflicting environment. Our data identify strong processing similarities between tasks through three key findings. In both tasks, we found that (i) Piéron’s law holds for each S–R compatibility condition. (ii) Compatibility and color saturation Benzatropine combine additively, as revealed by Bayesian hypothesis testing. (iii) Wagenmakers–Brown’s law holds for color saturation, but is broken by the compatibility factor:

the incompatible mapping lowers the intercept of the linear law while leaving its slope constant. Altogether, those results provide evidence for a common model base between Eriksen and Simon tasks (see Burle, Spieser, Servant, & Hasbroucq, 2014, for electromyographic evidence supporting a similar conclusion). The recent findings of Stafford et al. (2011) suggest that the Stroop task may also belong to this common framework.7 The violation of Wagenmakers–Brown’s law by the compatibility factor strongly deviates from optimal predictions of a standard DDM. As an alternative account, we explored a new generation of diffusion models that incorporate selective attention mechanisms. Simulations of the SSP and the DSTP showed that the violation of Wagenmakers–Brown’s law by the compatibility factor was indeed predicted.