Re those cently reported that intra articular injections of the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 in the anterior cruciate liga ment transection rat model of OA inhibited the expression of MMP 3 and MMP 13 and protected against cartilage damage. Other research showed WIN 34B dose dependently diminished phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPK, as well as MMPs and aggrecanases in IL 1B stimulated cartilage explants culture. However, CA and MF increased phosphorylation of p38 and sup pressed phosphorylation of JNK, but did not affect the phosphorylation of ERK. Inhibition of the MAPK P44/42 pathway by either U0126 or PD98059 leads to abrogation of the expression and activity of MMPs and aggreca nases and ADAMTS. Inhibitors of the p38 MAPK and JNK pathways were also investigated by SB203580 or SB202190 and PP1, respectively.
However, inhibition of these pathways resulted in inhibition of MMP expres sion and activity, but did not influence aggrecanases activity. The current line of investigations suggests that p38 MAPK and JNK activity could be associated with MMP mediated irreversible cartilage damage, whereas the processes needed for normal repair mecha nism and aggrecanase activity may in part be controlled by MAPK p44/42 activities. From these results we can suggest that WIN 34B may be critical role on cartilage protection and anti inflammatory effect by the downregulation of pERK, p38 MAPK and pJNK signaling pathways. Conclusions WIN 34B has cartilage protective effects similar to or better than its standard compound CA or MF through the regulation of matrix proteinases, inflammatory mediators and the MAPK pathways.
These results suggest that WIN 34B could be a potential candidate for effective anti osteoarthritic therapy with cartilage pro tective properties and without toxicity instead of existing OA treatment. Background Ovarian cancer is the most common form of gyneco logic neoplasm and the fifth most common cause of cancer mortality in women. Although there have been improvements in surgical techniques and trea tment options, the five year survival for stages IIB to IV ovarian cancer is less than 40%. The current chemotherapeutic in common clinical use is platinum combined with Paclitaxel, which has enhanced drug toxicity. Therefore, researchers are searching for new anti ovarian cancer drugs that are eutherapeutic and inflict fewer side effects.
Work in herbal medicine is especially highlighted. Since 2005, we have screened Batimastat hundreds of herbs, among which Phyllanthus niruri L. has the greatest anti cancer potential. Phyllanthus niruri L. belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family and originated in India. It usually occurs as a winter weed throughout the tropic and subtropic parts of the globe, including China, South Asia, and America. Our garden has introduced and domesticated this plant since the 1960s. In this study, whole P.