At this time 1 mg intramuscular clonazepam was therefore administered (day 4, 21:30). After some time she became calm and returned to the ward. She appeared very sedated and had to be carried to her room. Regular physical observations were conducted throughout the night. At 04:10 on day 5, noises were heard coming from Miss Z’s room and she appeared to be struggling to breathe.

She was reported to have swollen and blistered lips and her colour was noted to be very Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical pale. She was unresponsive to painful stimuli but all other observations were noted to be AVL-301 in vitro within normal limits. Nursing staff contacted emergency services, during which time Miss Z was noted to have stopped breathing for a short period of time. She gasped for air when she was turned over. An ambulance attended and she was

taken to the accident and emergency department. On arrival at the local accident and emergency department (travel time approximately 15 minutes) Miss Z was observed to be becoming less Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical sedated. Blood and urine samples were taken but no medication was given. Miss Z had no memory of getting to the hospital. No apparent cause was found and Miss Z returned to the unit in the morning with observations being monitored. Miss Z was noted to have an ataxic gait and was tired during the day. When seen by the ward doctor at approximately 10:30 on day 5 she refused examination but no lip swelling or blisters were Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical seen. It was decided

that if she required further intramuscular rapid tranquillization 0.5 mg clonazepam would be given, with the contingency that intramuscular olanzapine would be used if clonazepam was not Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical sufficiently effective. In addition, Miss Z was encouraged to accept oral rapid tranquilization Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical medication such as lorazepam on the basis of its shorter half-life. During the early evening of day 5 Miss Z was again being aggressive to staff. Her behaviour at this time included climbing on top of furniture, head banging and spitting at staff. There was again significant concern about the immediate risks that she presented to herself and others. She was therefore administered 0.5 mg clonazepam intramuscularly (day 5, 19:25). Miss Z was reviewed by the duty doctor 30 minutes following administration of the medication, at which time she presented as drowsy but she was able to talk, had a normal respiratory pattern and normal physical observations. It was noted that the medication had Carnitine dehydrogenase a good tranquilizing and sedating effect, and Miss Z went to her room and fell asleep. Physical observations were regularly performed. At 22:35 she was observed to be making whimpering noises. Physical observations were taken and noted to be within normal limits. At 23:15 Miss Z appeared to be hyperventilating with a respiratory rate of 65 breaths per minute, which then rapidly reduced to 14 breaths per minute with a shallow breathing pattern.